An illustration of where frataxin is located in the mitochondria of a cell.

What is the root cause of FA?

FA is caused by a deficiency in frataxin, a key protein that supports the production of energy for multiple systems in the body, including the nervous system and heart.1,2 With decreased frataxin, the cells in the body are less able to make the energy the body needs to function.2

What are the symptoms of FA?

Due to the multisystem nature of FA, a wide range of symptoms can occur.1 Whether you suspect FA or have already received an official diagnosis, you may notice the following symptoms3:

  • Fatigue
  • Vision and hearing loss
  • Slurred speech
  • Heart conditions
  • Scoliosis
  • Diabetes
  • Loss of coordinated movement
  • Difficulty with balance

Most people begin experiencing symptoms between the ages of 5 and 20 years, and although it is rare, it’s possible for symptoms of FA to appear in some people as late as in their 60s.1

People who show symptoms of FA earlier tend to have increased disease severity, and their disease may progress faster than those who start experiencing symptoms later in life.4

Talk to your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms.

How does FA progress over time?

FA is a progressive disease, which means it will continue to advance as time passes.5 Signs of ataxia, or loss of coordination, are the most common symptoms.1 People with FA may have difficulty standing and running that later progresses throughout their body, leading to difficulty sitting up and decreased motor coordination in the arms and hands.6


As the lack of frataxin continues to take a toll on the body, other symptoms may develop, such as1,5

  • Scoliosis

  • Foot problems

  • Slurred speech

  • Vision and hearing loss

  • Heart conditions

FA looks different for everyone—from severity of symptoms to how quickly the disease progresses over time.5

As time goes on, daily activities may become increasingly difficult and require assistance. Most people with FA will transition through a series of mobility devices, such as canes, walkers, and wheelchairs throughout their life.2,3

Talk to your doctor if you notice your symptoms are getting worse or if you develop any new symptoms.

Image of Tony, 25, a real person living with FA. Image of Dillon, 30, a real person living with FA. Image of Erin, 45, a real person living with FA.